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Hi friends, in this video let us understand how hypothesis is different from a theory
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For that let us take an example. We are going to formulate the cell theory
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Suppose I am a cytologist working on cells. So I have taken the section of this leaf
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and viewed it under microscope and found out that it is made up of cells and I have
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scraped out a part of this bug and viewed it under microscope and found out that it is made
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up of cells. So from this preliminary observation, I am formulating a hypothesis. This bug and plant
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leaf are made up of cells. Therefore, all organisms are made up of cells. So this is a preliminary
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idea or an educated guess based on my observation, maybe also my prior experience, but I need to be
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confirmed by experimentation. So this makes a hypothesis. Now how hypothesis becomes a theory
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So I did the same experiment in different organisms, parrot, spider, lotus, etc. and found
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out that all organisms are made up of cells. Now it becomes the cell theory. This is how cell theory
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is proposed It is confirmed by repeated experimentation and it is supported by huge amount of evidences Hundreds of such specimens are viewed under microscope and found out that all are made up of cells After that they proposed a cell theory
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all organisms are made up of cells. Hope you are clear. Now let us move into the definition
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A hypothesis is an educated guess or a tentative explanation of an observable phenomenon that can
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be tested scientifically or it can be tested using a scientific instrument or using our senses
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For example, angel is present or not. We don't have an instrument to find out an angel or we
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don't have senses to understand the presence of an angel. So it cannot be scientifically testable
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So we cannot formulate a hypothesis on that. Whereas theory is a well substantiated explanation
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of some aspects of a natural world that has been repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with
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the scientific method. So we have followed the scientific method and confirmed repeatedly and
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it has the backup of huge amount of evidences then we propose a theory. It is based on evidence
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It is based on experimentation or repeated experimentation. Then the next difference is
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hypothesis is based on limited evidence maybe my initial observation and prior knowledge on the topic It is less certain than theory So we have formulated a hypothesis then we need to conduct an experiment to confirm
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whether our hypothesis is right or wrong. So it is less certain than a theory and it is to be
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tested by conducting experiment. Whereas in the case of a theory, it is based on a wide range of
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evidence that is derived by conducting experiment. So it is more certain than hypothesis
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as it is tested repeatedly and supported by evidence deduced after conducting experiment
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The next difference is hypothesis is stated at the beginning of the research after an observation
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maybe using our senses or using our using instruments we'll be asking questions and finally
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we have a review of literature or detailed study on the topic from available or available research
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data then we'll be formulating a hypothesis. So it is the beginning of a research or initiates
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the research in a scientific process or scientific method whereas theory is stated as a conclusion or
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result of a research. Suggesting that our hypothesis is true or right often concludes
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a repeated experimentation procedure. The next difference is hypothesis can be easily disproved
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after testing by conducting experiments Maybe hypothesis may be rejected or we will modify the experiment and we will follow the same pattern as it is yet to be confirmed by conducting scientific experiment But in the case of a theory
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it cannot be easily disproven as it is supported by huge body of evidences. So
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it is an explanation that is based on repeated scientific investigation or
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scientific experimentation just like cell theory after observing hundreds of organisms. Skledon and Schwann proposed the cell theory. The final difference is
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hypothesis is often short statements like this exposure to eight hours of
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sunlight daily increases plant growth daily apple consumption leads to fewer doctors visit all have to be tested by conducting experiment whereas theory is
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often very descriptive like cell theory theory of relativity theory of evolution
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etc. In the case of Darwin's theory of evolution in 1859 in a 490 page book titled On the Origin of
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Species. So often very descriptive huge evidences are there to support a theory or to propose a
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theory and this is a book on the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin. Hope you understand the
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difference between a theory and a hypothesis. Leaving you with the link of our research
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methodology playlist. Take care. Stay blessed. Thank you so much. You are with
