Difference between Reverse Transcriptase and RNA Polymerase|| Comparison

Name: Difference between Reverse Transcriptase and RNA Polymerase|| Comparison
Uploaded: 2024-04-23T14:04:14+00:00
Duration: 3 min 11 s

0:00
So this is the reverse transcriptase enzyme and this is the RNA polymerase enzyme. Let's begin
0:06
with the similarity. Both these enzymes are involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids
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Now let us see the difference. Reverse transcriptase is the enzyme that is present
0:16
in retroviruses like HIV that is involved in the conversion of RNA to DNA by reverse transcription
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Suppose this is the RNA. This enzyme reverse transcriptase can use this RNA as a template
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for the synthesis of cDNA. So this is the complementary DNA. So RNA is converted to
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DNA by reverse transcription. It requires a primer for its activity. So the first activity
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is it's an RNA dependent DNA polymerase. So from this RNA DNA hybrid this RNA is removed by the
0:53
same enzyme by its ribonuclease activity or RNA's activity. Then this cDNA the single-stranded cDNA
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the second strand is synthesized by the same enzyme by its DNA dependent DNA polymerase activity
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So this enzyme has three activity forming a double-stranded DNA from an RNA genome and this
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DNA gets integrated into the host genome like humans and this DNA double-stranded DNA gets
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integrated into the host genome. Now let us see RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase converts DNA to
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RNA in transcription that is occurring in all organisms. Suppose this is a DNA template and
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this RNA polymerase this RNA polymerase synthesizes an RNA from this DNA template. So RNA polymerase
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is a DNA dependent RNA polymerase. Here it doesn't require a primer to initiate the reaction
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So this is happening in all organisms later this mRNA is translated to protein. So let me summarize
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the differences between reverse transcriptase and RNA polymerase. Reverse transcriptase is involved
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in converting RNA into DNA by reverse transcription whereas RNA polymerase is involved in converting
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DNA into RNA by transcription. Reverse transcriptase is present in retroviruses for replication of their genome when RNA polymerase is used by all cells to express
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their genomes by transcription. Reverse transcriptase produce DNA molecule whereas RNA polymerase forms RNA molecule like mRNA, tRNA or rRNA. Reverse transcriptase requires a primer
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whereas RNA polymerase doesn't require a primer. Then there are three catalytic activity for
2:41
reverse transcriptase. It is an RNA dependent DNA polymerase, a DNA dependent DNA polymerase
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and also a ribonuclease whereas RNA polymerase is a DNA dependent RNA polymerase. Reverse
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transcriptase is present in retroviruses like HIV whereas RNA polymerase is present in all
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organisms in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Hope you are clear. Take care. Stay blessed. Thank you so much. You are with biology exams4u.com

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Difference between Reverse Transcriptase and RNA Polymerase|| Comparison

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