Kingdom Monera (Kingdom of Prokaryotes)

Includes all prokaryotic organisms. They are important decomposers and mineralizers.

E.coli Bacteria

• Examples: Bacteria, actinomycetes Filamentous bacteria), Cyano bacteria (Blue green algae)

Monerans can be classified into three major groups:

a) Eubacteria (True Bacteria)
b) Cyanobacteria (Blue green algae)
c) Archaebacteria (Ancient bacteria)

Habit and Habitat:

• They are commonly found in water, air, soil, and on living and dead organic matters.
• Archae bacteria (ancient bacteria) live under extreme environmental conditions like high temperature(800C) , high salt conditions and in the absence of oxygen etc.

Structure:

• They are microscopic without nucleus and other membrane  bound  organelles. Most of them have a rigid cell wall.

Nutrition:

• Bacteria show two types of nutrition: Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
• They prepare food materials using light energy (photo autotrophs) or energy released from chemical reactions (Chemoautotrophs)
• Heterotrophic bacteria  may be parasitic, saprophytic and symbiotic in nature.

Reproduction:

• Asexual methods (Binary Fission, Endospore formation).
• Sexual Methods (Conjugation, transformation, Tranduction)

Learn more:

• Introduction to Bacteria: General Characters, Shape of Bacteria
• Bacterial Cell wall & Gram Staining
• Archae Bacteria (Ancient Bacteria): Cell wall & Classification
• Economic Importance of Bacteria
• Bacterial Diseases in Human beings, Animals and Plants
• Difference between : Eubacteria and Archae bacteria
• Difference between : Eubacteria and Cyanobacteria
• MCQ on Kingdom Monera
• MCQ on Bacteria