Exam Capsule- Quick Revision Notes -Phycology (Algae)

Thallus Structure in Algae -----

Many Rhodophyceae members can achieve high degree of thallus development. But some of them are unicellular.
Unicellular red algae : Porphyridium and Chroothece
Algal group containing oil, lipid and lucosin as the reserved food materials: Xanthophycophyta
Laminarin- Reserve food in Phaeophyceae
MOP Iyengar – Fampous Indian Phcologist
Sea lettuce: Ulva
Reticulate Chloroplast: Oedogonium, Spirogyra , Hydrodictyon.
Mitochondria are absent in Blue green algae
Alga with unbranched thallus: Zygnema
Pandorina belongs Volvocales
Palmella stage - Volvox
Gongrosira-Vaucheria
Chantansia- Bactrachospermum
Zygotic meiosis:Algae
In Euglena the effective stroke and the recovery stroke results in Forward movement associated with rotation around its axis
The mode of nutrition in Vorticella is Holozoic
Bioluminescence is usually associated with Pyrrophyta
Cyanobacteria form a variety of associations with bryophytes ranging from the almost accidental to close symbioses. Anthoceros ,the bryophyte that possesses this property
The exact role of the hetercysts in blue green algae? Nitrogen fixation
Green algal life cycle, where the somatic phase (plant) is haploid (gametophyte) while the diploid phase (sporophyte) is represented by zygote is called Haplontic, found in. Ulothrix
algal division never produces motile, flagellated cells among any of its members: Rhodophyta

Classification of Algae by Fritsch

Economic Importance of Algae

Source of salad -Ulva
Source of iodine – Laminaria
Material for photosynthesis research - Chlorella
To study nuclecytoplasmic interactions - Acetabularia
Carrageenin is obtained from the cell walls of algae: Chondrus crispus (Irish moss)
Chlorella will fulfill the need of all vitamins except Ascorbic acid
Laminaria algae gives iodine
Agar-Gelidium, Graciliaria, Gigartina

Chlamydomonas

Oedogonium

Asexual reproduction takes place by multi- flagellate zoospore, where flagella are arranged around the beak-like apical region.
Nannandrous species are always dioecious (heterothallic) i.e., antheridia and oogonia are borne on different filaments. In this type the antheridia develop on a very small filament termed as dwarf male or nannandrium.
The androspores, antherozoids and zoospores are morphologically alike but differ in their size and numbers

Polysiphonia

Polysiphonia, a red algae possess highly branched filaments each with a central axial filament supporting pericentral cells. The number of pericentral cells is 4–24.
The diploid zygote develops to become the carposporophyte, this is a separate phase of the life-cycle and is entirely parasitic on the female
The tetrasporophyte is diploid and produced spores in fours after meiosis
Branches of limited growth are called trichoblasts, spirally arranged, dichotomously branched, colourless and may develop both from main axis and long branches.
The diploid part of the cystocarp represents the carposporophyte. The carposporangium develops single diploid carpospores.
The non motile male spermatia are carried to the female by means of water currents in Polysiphonia