1. Answer the following questions briefly
- i) What advantage RILs have over DHs in genetic mapping
- ii) How an F2 population can be immortalized for dissecting both additive and dominance variation
- iii) How MgCl2 concentration affect the efficiency of PCR
- iv) What is stuttering and why it happened?
- v) During DNA isolation , the temperature of extraction buffer is
- maintained at 650C. Why?
- vi) Why do we need larger population size for fine mapping of a gene?
- vii) What will happen to PCR, if the template DNA concentration is >200 ng.
- viii) While constructing a cDNA library, why do we need to isolate RNA from different plant parts and under different stimuli?
- ix) Why the nucleotide sequence of 3’ end of forward and reverse primers should not be complementary
- x) What will happen if the nutrient medium used for the tissue culture is not supplemented with glycine?
- xi) Why is it necessary to culture embryos invitro in intergeneric crosses?
- xii) Will there be any limitation for releasing glyphosate (herbicide) resistant transgenic rice in Eastern India?
4. Enlist various approaches used for
cloning of genes in eukaryotes. Describe the procedure for map based cloning?
What limitation he map based cloning approach has over other methods. Name any
five genes that have been cloned in crop plants using map based cloning
approach.
5. What is antisense RNA technology?
How is it useful in plant improvement? Discuss it with suitable examples?
6. What is binary vector? Discuss the
structure and function of binary vector? How it is useful in plant
improvement?
7. What are haploids? Discuss various
approaches used for the production of haploids in crop plants? What limitations
each of these methods have? What uses haploids have in basic genetic studies and
in crop improvement?
8. a) What are transgenic crops?
Discuss two major approaches used for production of transgenics. What advantages
and limitation each of these approaches have over each other?
b) Area under commercial transgenic
crops has increased continuously since the year 2000. Still a large number of
NGOs are opposing commercialization of transgenics. What are the major concerns
for the opposition? Give your view point for or against each of these
concerns?
9. What do you understand by
nif genes? Now that the genomes of both nitrogen fixing bacteria
(Rhizhobium) and legumes (soybean, Pigeon pea) are sequenced, how do you
see the possibility of converting the non nitrogen fixing cereals like rice and
wheat into nitrogen fixing system?
10. a) What are SSR markers?
Enumerate the procedure for how SSR markers are being developed? What advantage
SSR markers over RFLP markers?
b) Enlist any four approaches used for labelling? Describe the procedure for ‘hexamer primer’ labelling of nucleic acids?
b) Enlist any four approaches used for labelling? Describe the procedure for ‘hexamer primer’ labelling of nucleic acids?
11. What are cDNA libraries? Describe
the procedure to develop cDNA libraries. What advantage cDNA libraries would
have over genomic DNA libraries?
12. What are QTLs? Write down the
procedure to map a QTL? How NILs are used for mapping / fine mapping of a QTL.
Name any five economically important QTLs so far cloned from crop plants?
13. What is marker assisted selection
and how its differs from markers assisted back crossing? If you have the
responsibility of pyramiding four genes from four different source into one
elite line, which approach will you follow and why?
14. a)Write different steps and
enzyme involved in citric acid cycle.
b) How do enzymes catalyze chemical
reaction with in a cell? What is Km and how can an enzyme be characterized by
this parameter?
15. Promoters are organ specific
and extremely important for regulating the expression if a gene. You are given
the responsibility of cloning tapetum specific promoter(s) from rice. Write down
the procedure in detail?
Tags:
AGRI- BIOTECHNOLOGY-2011 Question paper
agricultural biotechnology
ARS previous questions 2011
